The FDIC - Combating Stupidity Since 2011

Those who understand behavioral finance know that sometimes you have to protect people from orchestrating their own financial doom: in The Intelligent Investor’s Mind, I devote a section of every chapter to it. Financial quants and investment professionals (who should know better) are no exception. In fact, great genius is required to create a truly phenomenal financial disaster.

On March 29th, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation approved new rules for mortgages – essentially “anti-greed, anti-laziness” rules - that align the interests of homeowners, bankers and investors.

Under the new rules, banks will not be able to repackage and sell a mortgage (ex. Mortgage bonds, CDOs), unless the borrower puts down a 20% or greater down payment. If the borrower puts down less than 20%, the bank will be forced to keep some of the risk on its own books - known in the industry as “keeping skin in the game.”

Effectively, these new rules force banks to care about the quality of the loans they receive from mortgage brokers, and care how those loans perform. Prior to this, a mortgage broker could underwrite a loan from someone they knew couldn’t pay, sell it to a banker who didn’t care if the owner couldn’t pay, and in turn sell it to an investor who didn’t bother (or didn’t have the skill) to check to see if the owner couldn’t pay.

The National Association of Mortgage Brokers will undoubtedly hate the new rules. They are already fuming about the Federal Reserve’s new “Truth in Lending” regulations in general. Despite pushback, however, the matter will be put to vote this week and is expected to pass.

The days of dreamers with bad credit and no cash, walking into a mortgage broker's office, getting approved, then sitting on their new sofas & waiting for riches through equity appreciation are truly over - even if the market comes back.

People will always find new and ingenious ways to ruin themselves financially. Even so, it’s nice to see the old gaps being closed.

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"If investing is entertaining, if you’re having fun, you’re probably not making any money. Good investing is boring."

George Soros
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US Banks to Rumble

I’ve been recommending US bank stocks for over a year now – after all, they are powerhouses of future potential. Though bank stocks have risen slightly in the past year (about 15%) there is still far more room to move. And, things are about to get hotter.

Last week, the US Federal Reserve approved buybacks and dividend increases for many of the major banks. JP Morgan, for example, is repurchasing approx. $15 billion worth of shares, having already repurchased $7 billion last year. Wells Fargo jumped its intended share buyback program from $1 billion to $6 billion. What is the significance?

Share buybacks reduce the number of shares outstanding, increasing the amount of earnings per share. For example, if you buy 100 shares today, and the company buys back 30% of its shares, you effectively own 130 shares’ worth of former value. Put another way, if there are $0.50 of earning per share now, a 30% share repurchase would give you $0.65 of earnings per share. Buybacks compound the value of your purchase.

Most banks will be buying back their shares as a mix of common and Trust Preferred Securites (TruPs), the latter of which is really a kind of debt. The common share repurchases will affect earnings per share directly, while the TruP repurchases will effectively decrease debt load and interest payments – all good things.

Stunningly (and wonderfully), despite announcing these huge stock buybacks, bank stocks have traded flat for a week! Why, you may ask?

First off, people still have an intense mistrust of US banks. Stated more bluntly, most people either fear or despise banks, and wouldn't go near them as an investment. For the rational, thoughtful investor, this is a good thing. Bank stocks are likely to remain underpriced for some time.

People also worry that the world economy is unstable, and that the banks will be spending too much money on their stock repurchases instead of holding the money for emergencies. Make no mistake… no bank wants a repeat of 2008 any time soon. Banks are repurchasing their stocks because said stocks are grossly underpriced, and because they can. The banks are sitting on hordes of cash.

Stock symbol XLF (US bank index fund), provides a great way to buy US Bank stocks with a small amount of cash. For the risk tolerant, UYG (the 2X movement stock index fund) is also available.

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"Superior risk management positioned JPMorgan to capitalize on the crisis."

Barbara Rehm, editor, American Banker

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Disclosure

Do not buy stocks, or take this or any other financial advice without doing your own analysis; including, but not limited to: reviewing business models, financial statements, management style and philosophy, recent developments, market macroeconomic analysis, and chart analysis. If you do not know how to do these things, you shouldn't be buying stocks in the first place. Seek the advice of professionals, as appropriate.

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Buffett States the Obvious

Warren Buffett...perhaps the only person in the world who can make huge headlines by stating the obvious.

Today's headline on CNBC.com: "Berkshire Will Not Exercise Goldman Stocks Immediately." The story explains that Buffett will not exercise his Goldman Sachs warrants - even though he would make a profit by doing so - because....(wait for it) he thinks the stock is worth more than it is trading at!

Pardon me, but isn't that why most people buy stocks in the first place - because they believe they are worth more than they are paying for them? Am I missing something? The article goes on to say Buffett believes that over time, the stock market will go up. During the credit crisis in 2008, Buffett made headlines by saying that the economy will "eventually recover."

It's hard to say why Buffett makes headlines with these statements. Is it that trading has become so prevalent that no one believes in investing anymore? Or, is it because pessimism has grown to such an extent that any positive statement, no matter how obvious, is embraced with open arms?

Whatever the reason, Buffett continues to be a source of sensibility - and the obvious.

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"Well, I just don't know. I don't know whether Cotton's going to go up."

Warren Buffett, 2011

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For additional information, see Berkshire Will Not Exercise Goldman Stocks Immediately

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Japan Finds the Downside to Nuclear Energy

About 5 years ago, I toured the Hamaoka nuclear power plant in Japan. Like all things Japanese, the mood and theme surprised me. Nuclear energy, I learned, is really fun!

First was the powerful “green energy” spin. Part of the tour included watching a show of robotic animation characters (similar to “Bear Country Jamboree” at Disneyland), singing and dancing about the joys of safe and green nuclear energy. There were nuclear games and activities for kids. There were clam-digging tours out back of the reactor. Clams and other shellfish thrive in the heated waters expelled by the nuclear reactor, so local residents dig for clams there. Paradise!

The Hamaoka Nuclear Power Plant's IMAX theatre is, at the time of writing this article, playing "IMAX Under the Sea," and advertising the upcoming Walt Disney flick, "Mars Needs Moms."

Yet, there were always reminders about the negative side of nuclear energy. Worker exposure to radiation makes the news regularly. My friend Mamoru, a nuclear safety inspector, was on NHK news one night explaining how a small crack in the retainer at one of the plants was nothing serious. Then there was the time I had to write diplomatic letters to the Kazakhstani government, asking them to allow human blood samples from radioactive fallout victims to be shipped to Japan via courier for study.

Yes, nuclear energy is a big source of power in Japan, and has thus far been relatively safe. We shall see if it stays that way. If you live on the West Coast of the United States, buy iodine just in case.

As for stock picks as a result of the disaster…Sekisui house (a Japanese homebuilder and Division of Sekisui Chemical) seems like a smart buy. Sekisui builds semi-prefabricated homes, and forms a large part of the new home market. Importantly, Sekisui has seismic test platforms in their factory, and they shake the living hell out of each new home design to make sure they stay together. No doubt, many people will be replacing their traditional homes (or destroyed homes) with Sekisui branded homes.

For obvious reasons, Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO - the nuclear plant owner) is a “sell” until further notice.

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For further information, see:

Sekisui Earthquake Resistant Housing

Nuclear Power Plant safety measures

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Four Classic Hedges

"Hedge your bets," say the wise.

In the beginning, "hedge funds" actually hedged, meaning that they would make money in both rising or falling markets. Nowadays, the "hedge" in "hedge fund" has lost all meaning. Hedge funds simply invest in risky investments and/or use leverage (borrowed money). Most hedge funds these days do not hedge at all.

So what does it mean, exactly? What is hedging?

Hedging, in simple terms, is a method for taking precautions against financial risk. The goal of hedging is not to make money; rather, it is to prevent losing money.

As an example, if you are worried about a stock market crash, you can buy put options against the stock market, which gain in value if the market drops. Of course, if the stock market goes up, the value of your put options goes down – and the outcome is neutral. If you are a baker and are worried about the rising cost of grain, you can buy wheat futures that gain in value if the price of grain increases. If the price of grain declines, you will lose money on your wheat futures, but also pay less for the wheat you need – again, a neutral outcome.

The financially sophisticated investor has almost unlimited choices for hedging. But, this article is not about these sophisticated hedging choices. It is about simple hedging for the layman.

Hedge #1, Insurance
Say, for example, that you are a married father of two. If you were to pass away, your spouse would be left with the mortgage payments, the costs of raising two children, etc. Therefore, the wise person buys life insurance. If you pass away, your income to the family is gone forever; however, the life insurance pays off the mortgage, with hopefully enough money left over to see the children through college. Thus, life insurance is your “hedge” against possible financial ruin caused by your premature death. Virtually everyone should have life insurance, disability insurance, home insurance, and home content insurance (the building and its contents are usually insured separately). The goal of insurance is not to have so much as to guard against any possible occurrence – it is to buy just enough to prevent extreme financial hardship.

Hedge #2, Gas and Oil
If you drive, consider buying stocks of a large oil company, or an energy mutual fund. As the price of oil (and gasoline) goes up, you can be compensated by an increase in the value of your oil company stock, and also an increase in the amount of dividends it pays you. If the price of oil goes down, your oil stock may decline in value, but so will the price you pay at the pump – this is classic hedging.

Hedge #3, Real Estate (for current non-owners)
If you rent, consider buying a real estate investment trust (REIT), a form of stock market real estate investment. If real estate values increase (along with your rent), the income provided by the REIT will also increase. If real estate values decline, your rent will likely not decline (unless you change buildings), but it won’t go up, either – a 3/4 hedge.

Hedge #4, Household Energy
Almost everyone pays for electricity and heating supplied by a utility company. Utility companies are not only some of the safest investments around, but they also pay regular dividends. The more money they make, the larger the dividends. Utilities can be bought through utility ETFs or utility mutual funds.

The first hedge (insurance) can save you from ruin and protect your family. The final three are long-term inflation killers. Together, and for a minimal outlay of cash, they protect you from both unforeseen circumstances and unexpected costs.
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"(Gold) gets dug out of the ground in Africa, or someplace. Then we melt it down, dig another hole, bury it again and pay people to stand around guarding it. It has no utility. Anyone watching from Mars would be scratching their head."

Warren Buffett

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Do not buy stocks, or take this or any other financial advice without doing your own analysis; including, but not limited to: reviewing business models, financial statements, management style and philosophy, recent developments, market macroeconomic analysis, and chart analysis. If you do not know how to do these things, you shouldn't be buying stocks in the first place. Seek the advice of professionals, as appropriate.

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